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La Guyane fran?aise, en zone équatoriale amazonienne, est une terre d’aventures qui attire chaque année de nombreux touristes. Mais ils peuvent rapporter des pathologies tropicales dont le diagnostic est parfois difficile à é...
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La Guyane fran?aise, en zone équatoriale amazonienne, est une terre d’aventures qui attire chaque année de nombreux touristes. Mais ils peuvent rapporter des pathologies tropicales dont le diagnostic est parfois difficile à établir, comme ce fut le cas des trois observations suivantes, concernant un groupe de 10 personnes ayant séjourné deux jours en forêt humide (figure 1), près de Kourou, ville c?tière à l’embouchure du fleuve du même nom, située à 60 km au nord-ouest de Cayenne.
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Mayaro virus (MAYV) has historically been associated with sylvatic transmission; however, urban outbreaks have been reported in Brazil, including cases of co-detection with dengue virus (DENV). Therefore, we performed a molecular ...
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Mayaro virus (MAYV) has historically been associated with sylvatic transmission; however, urban outbreaks have been reported in Brazil, including cases of co-detection with dengue virus (DENV). Therefore, we performed a molecular survey to investigate MAYV circulation and cocirculation with DENV within Goiania, a major city in Central-West Brazil. Among 375 subjects with arbovirus-like symptoms, 259 were positive for DENV and 26 for MAYV. Of these, 17 were coinfected with DENV-2, suggesting co-transmission of the viruses. The most common complaints at the time of inclusion were myalgia, headache, fever, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, and skin rash. No specific symptoms were associated with MAYV when either detected alone or co-detected with DENV, compared to that when DENV was detected alone. Most MAYV-infected subjects were women with no recent travel history to rural/sylvatic areas. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicated that the MAYV identified in this study is closely related with a lineage observed in Peru, belonging to genotype D. Our results corroborate the growing circulation of MAYV in urban environments in Brazil and reinforce the need to implement laboratory diagnosis in the Unified Health System, considering that the clinical manifestations of Mayaro fever are similar to those of other arboviruses, particularly dengue. Furthermore, most cases occurred in association with DENV-2. Further phylogenetic studies are needed to evaluate MAYV, which has not been widely examined.
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Tropical infectious diseases cause millions of deaths every year in developing countries, with about half of the world population living at risk. Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging arbovirus that causes Mayaro fever, which is char...
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Tropical infectious diseases cause millions of deaths every year in developing countries, with about half of the world population living at risk. Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging arbovirus that causes Mayaro fever, which is characterized by fever, headache, diarrhea, arthralgia, and rash. These symptoms can be clinically indistinguishable from other arboviruses, such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of the disease more difficult. Though, the Mayaro virus is a potential candidate to cause large-scale epidemics on the scale of ZIKV and CHIKV. Despite this, there is no licensed vaccine or antiviral for the treatment of Mayaro fever and most arboviruses, so the design and development of candidates for antiviral drugs are urgently needed. In this context, this mini-review aims to provide an overview of studies of anti-MAYV derivatives and highlight the importance of the discovery and development of promising drug candidates for Mayaro fever.
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Introducción: En los últimos a?os, debido a los movimientos migratorios, se ha desarrollado una expansión de nuevas enfermedades, como chikungunya, zika, oropuche y mayaro. Caso clínico: Paciente que manifestaba síntomas de f...
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Introducción: En los últimos a?os, debido a los movimientos migratorios, se ha desarrollado una expansión de nuevas enfermedades, como chikungunya, zika, oropuche y mayaro. Caso clínico: Paciente que manifestaba síntomas de fiebre, cefalea y artralgias persistente. Después de un arduo estudio y eliminación de otras patologías se llega al diagnóstico de virus mayaro. El paciente residía en una zona nororiental del Perú. Se brindó tratamiento de soporte junto con hidratación, paracetamol 500 mg cada 8 horas y se indicó cita diaria para evaluación. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente a los pocos días. Conclusiones: La vigilancia, las pruebas y el control vectorial siguen siendo claves para prevenir la propagación de este tipo de virus. La posibilidad de que el virus mayaro se urbanice aún más. Se debe tener siempre en cuenta el diagnóstico diferencial de virus mayaro.
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Mayaro virus (MAYV; family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus) is an emerging global threat that can cause severe clinical manifestations similar to Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses. Currently, there is a lack of molecular tools t...
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Mayaro virus (MAYV; family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus) is an emerging global threat that can cause severe clinical manifestations similar to Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses. Currently, there is a lack of molecular tools to enable a better understanding of the transmission and pathogenesis of MAYV. Here, we detail the development and characterization of infectious clones of two strains of MAYV that produce infectious virus and replicate in mammalian and mosquito cells similarly to wild-type virus. Additionally, clone-derived viruses produced identical infection rates and phenotypes in CD-1 mice compared to the parental strains. This infectious clone system will provide a resource to the research community to analyze MAYV genetic determinants of virulence, determine vector competence, and develop vaccines.
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Mayaro virus (MAYV; Togaviridae; Alphavirus) has drawn increasing attention as an arthropod-borne virus with potential to cause outbreaks among the human populations of the Western Hemisphere. In the tropical regions of Central an...
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Mayaro virus (MAYV; Togaviridae; Alphavirus) has drawn increasing attention as an arthropod-borne virus with potential to cause outbreaks among the human populations of the Western Hemisphere. In the tropical regions of Central and South America, the virus exists in sylvatic cycles between mosquitoes and primate reservoirs such as marmosets. Although forest-dwelling mosquitoes are regarded as important vectors for MAYV, it has been shown previously that the virus can infect and potentially be transmitted by the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Here, we compare the infection and transmission efficiencies of two MAYV strains, IQT 4235 from Iquitos, Peru ('IQT') and the type strain of MAYV from Trinidad, TRVL 4675 ('TRVL') in two laboratory-adapted Ae. aegypti strains, Higgs White Eye and Orlando. The TRVL strain was less efficiently transmitted by both mosquito strains than MAYV IQT. Based on the full-length nucleotide sequences of the two viral genomes, we show that the TRVL prototype strain of MAYV is phylogenetically ancestral and more distantly related to the IQT strain. The TRVL strain efficiently infected wild-type Ae. albopictus from Missouri and readily disseminated in those. Considering scenarios in which natural MAYV transmission cycles may overlap with those of chikungunya virus (CHIKV; Togaviridae; Alphavirus), we assessed the effects of mixed infections of the two viruses in mosquitoes based on coinfection or superinfection. Although coinfection had no measurable effect on the transmission potential of either virus, we observed superinfection exclusion for CHIKV in MAYV-infected mosquitoes but not for MAYV in CHIKV-infected mosquitoes.
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Arboviruses have become a major public health concern in Brazil, especially after Zika virus (ZIKV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) introduction, leading to massive epidemics. We conducted an investigation of arboviruses in patients...
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Arboviruses have become a major public health concern in Brazil, especially after Zika virus (ZIKV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) introduction, leading to massive epidemics. We conducted an investigation of arboviruses in patients with acute febrile illness for less than five days in Mato Grosso state (MT) during the period of ZIKV and CHIKV dissemination in Brazil. To achieve that, 453 human serum samples of patients suspected of Dengue (DENY), Yellow Fever (YFV), ZIKV or CHIKV collected in health units of 31 cities of MT were subjected to RT-PCR protocols for 10 flaviviruses, 5 alphaviruses and orthobunyaviruses from Simbu serogroup, nucleotide sequencing and viral isolation. Regarding flaviviruses, five (1.1%) patients were infected with DENV-1 genotype V, 22 (4.4%) with DENV-4 genotype II, 3 (0.7%) with YFV South American genotype It and five (1.1%) with ZIKV Asian genotype. The first human case of ZIKV in MT was detected in this study during August, 2015 in Tapurah. Alphaviruses were detected in 2 (0.4%) patients infected with CHIKV genotype ECSA, 1 (0.2%) with Madariaga (EEEV) lineage III and 34 (7.5%) with Mayaro (MAYV) genotype L. Four (11.4%) patients presented dual infections with DENV-1/ZIKV, DENV-1/DENV4, DENV-4/MAYV and ZIKV/MAYV. The majority- 13/34 positive for MAYV, one for Madariaga virus - are residents in Varzea Grande (VG), metropolitan region of Cuiaba, capital of MT. The first CH1KV infection in MT was detected in this study in Mirassol D'Oeste, during July, 2015. In addition, 20 (4.4%) patients were positive for OROV Segment S genotype IA. These results reinforce the variation in arboviruses frequency and distribution during outbreaks, highlinghing the importance of differential diagnosis to identify agents silently co-circulating with major health problem arboviruses.
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Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an arbovirus linked to several sporadic outbreaks of a highly debilitating febrile illness in many regions of South America. MAYV is on the verge of urbanization from the Amazon region and no effective antiv...
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Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an arbovirus linked to several sporadic outbreaks of a highly debilitating febrile illness in many regions of South America. MAYV is on the verge of urbanization from the Amazon region and no effective antiviral intervention is available against human infections. Our aim was to investigate whether bovine lactoferrin (bLf), an iron-binding glycoprotein, could hinder MAYV infection. We show that bLf promotes a strong inhibition of virus infection with no cytotoxic effects. Monitoring the effect of bLf on different stages of infection, we observed that virus entry into the cell is the heavily compromised event. Moreover, we found that binding of bLf to the cell is highly dependent on the sulfation of glycosaminoglycans, suggesting that bLf impairs virus entry by blocking these molecules. Our findings highlight the antiviral potential of bLf and reveal an effective strategy against one of the major emerging human pathogens in the neotropics.
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Purpose of review To carry out an update on the state of the art of the Mayaro virus (MAYV) infection and its osteoarticular implications. Recent findings There is a wide distribution of MAYV in Latin America and documented export...
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Purpose of review To carry out an update on the state of the art of the Mayaro virus (MAYV) infection and its osteoarticular implications. Recent findings There is a wide distribution of MAYV in Latin America and documented exported cases to the United States and Europe. Although osteoarticular involvement is not the most frequent, it is one the most associated with disability. The main mechanisms related to arthropathy involves cellular infiltrates (i.e. macrophages, natural killer cells, lymphocytes) together with production of cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-7, IL8, IL-12p70. MAYV infection is an emerging disease, which has been reported in many and increasing number of countries of Latin America. There is a high risk of epidemic outbreaks, given the inadequate vector control (Aedes mosquitoes). Its main symptoms, like other arbovirus infections, involve the presence of headache, rash, conjunctivitis, and arthralgias. MAYV arthropathy is usually severe, can last in time, and is associated with severe disability. There is currently no treatment for MAYV. Prevention of MAYV as a public health burden will be achieved by integrating vector control with vaccines (still under development).
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